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Analysis · June 7, 2026 · 12 min read

We rank 6,500 stocks. SpaceX isn’t one of them. Yet.

The largest IPO in history is the one stock we can’t rank against its peers — here’s what you can verify, and the lock-up calendar printed in the filing.

Obermatt ranks every public company from 0 to 100 against its real sector peers, on value, growth, and safety. We do it for 6,500 stocks. We cannot do it for SpaceX — not yet, on our terms. The share being sold this week is not a share of a rocket company. It is a share of something with no peer set, assembled by its own founder, priced at a number no outsider can verify.

The size

Start with the size. At $135 a share, SpaceX is raising $75 billion. That is the largest IPO in history, about 2.5 times Saudi Aramco’s old record, and nearly twice what every company that listed across all seven G7 countries raised, combined, in an average year.

one company, nearly two G7s of IPOs

Total IPO proceeds raised on each G7 country's exchanges, annual average 2023–2025, against SpaceX's single 2026 raise. USD billions.

G7 COMBINED, AVG/YR · 41.8SpaceX IPO (2026)75.0United States31.0Japan6.1Germany1.9United Kingdom1.3Italy0.7Canada0.6France0.3USD BN 0204060801.79× the G7’s average year
Source: Datasets §1 — EY / PwC / Renaissance / national exchanges, 2023–2025 avgFigures as of June 7, 2026

And that is the average year. Widen the lens to the five quarters from the start of 2025 through the first quarter of 2026 — a stretch that includes 2025, the G7’s strongest year for IPOs in recent memory — and every IPO across all seven G7 countries still adds up to only about $80 billion. This single offering nearly matches all of them.

Nor was retail money rushing toward stocks to begin with. In 2025, US equity funds saw net outflows of more than $32 billion, and UK investors pulled roughly £17 billion out of equity funds — net redemptions on both sides of the Atlantic, in the very year one company set out to raise $75 billion.

What you’re actually buying

Now read the financial statements. They do not describe a rocket company. In February 2026 SpaceX absorbed xAI, the artificial-intelligence firm, which had itself absorbed X, formerly Twitter, a year earlier. The prospectus restates all of history as if the three had always been one company. No line shows SpaceX on its own. There is one combined entity carrying one combined loss: an accumulated deficit of $41 billion.

A rank is a comparison. There is no peer set for a launch monopoly bolted to a satellite internet provider bolted to an AI lab bolted to a social network, valued by the person who built all four. That is not a gap in our data. It is the structure of the thing being sold.

None of this makes SpaceX a bad company. The launch business is a real monopoly, and the $74.4 billion raised here is primary capital: it funds the company, it does not cash out an insider. Look at what earns, in the recast company’s own 2025 segment report. The Connectivity segment, Starlink, brought in $11.4 billion and was the only part that made money. The Space segment, the actual rockets, earned $4 billion and lost money. The AI segment earned $3 billion and lost $6.4 billion. The rocket company you think you are buying is the small, unprofitable part. A satellite internet service carries the whole thing — and the loss-making AI lab is where your money goes first: the prospectus names AI compute infrastructure as the first use of the $74.4 billion, ahead of rockets and satellites.

the rockets are the small part
REVENUE · USD BNConnectivity (Starlink)11.4Space (rockets)4.1AI (xAI / Grok / X)3.2OPERATING PROFIT / LOSS · USD BNZEROConnectivity (Starlink)+4.4Space (rockets)0.7AI (xAI / Grok / X)6.4First named use of the $74.4B raise: AI compute infrastructure,ahead of rockets and satellites.
Source: S-1/A Note 16, FY2025 segments + Use of ProceedsFigures as of June 7, 2026

Priced without a market

One detail should stop you. Elon Musk controlled all three companies, and the terms on which they merged were set under common control, not by arm’s-length negotiation. The filing discloses no fairness opinion on the merger, no special committee approving it, and no vote of independent shareholders. Because one owner stood on both sides, the accountants booked the merger at historical book value, with no goodwill and no outside valuation. No public market and no independent valuation has priced xAI and X as they sit inside SpaceX. You are being asked to be the first.

The valuation got here mostly without a market at all. SpaceX rose to roughly $800 billion through insider tender offers — existing shares changing hands — that set no public price. The IPO asks you to ratify $1.77 trillion.

from $46 billion to $1.77 trillion, mostly without a market
$50B$100B$200B$500B$1T$2TVALUATION · LOGVALUATION TRIPLED HERE, NO PUBLIC MARKET INVOLVED$46BAug 2020$74BFeb 2021$127B2022$137BJan 2023$350BDec 2024$400BJul 2025$800BDec 2025$1.77TJun 2026PRIMARY RAISE (CASH INTO THE COMPANY)TENDER OFFER (INSIDERS TRADING, NO MARKET PRICE)PUBLIC IPO
Source: Gate 0 Findings §Q2 rounds tableFigures as of June 7, 2026

The lock-up is a schedule

Here is the one thing you can compute. A lock-up is a promise by insiders not to sell their shares for a set period. When it ends, the shares can reach the market. More sellers against the same buyers, and the price comes under pressure.

SpaceX’s lock-up is a schedule, and the prospectus prints it. After the first quarterly earnings report, expected around August 2026, the first tranche unlocks: about 911 million shares. At the offer price, that is roughly $123 billion of stock becoming sellable — one window, larger than the whole IPO. More unlocks early if the stock trades at least 30% above the offer price, which is the prospectus’s own condition, not our forecast. After the third-quarter report, another 1.3 billion shares. A slower schedule releases insider stock into 2027, and registration rights cover about 12 billion shares beyond that. Musk’s own block, roughly 6.4 billion shares, stays locked for 366 days with no early release.

the lock-up is a schedule, and it is printed

Stock becoming sellable as each lock-up tranche expires, by date. Bar height is the value of those shares in USD billions, at the $135 IPO price.

REGISTRATION-RIGHTS OVERHANG ~$1.65T0300600900USD BNTHE IPO · $75B123EARNINGSCOND.D70D90D91D105D120D135176Q3 '26D180Q4 '26Q2 '27864D366IPODAY 366+first unlock > the entire IPO366-day lock, no early release
Source: S-1/A 'Shares Eligible for Future Sale' + Lock-up AgreementsFigures as of June 7, 2026
ILLUSTRATIVE ONLY, AT THE $135.00 IPO PRICE

Index mechanics

One part of the supply picture is already settled. SpaceX cannot join the S&P 500 soon: its index managers confirmed on June 4 that the rules will not bend for size, and a loss-making company does not qualify. But it could enter the Nasdaq-100 within weeks of listing, which forces every fund tracking that index to buy. Supply on one side, forced demand on the other, on a calendar you can read today.

What you’d have to believe

Justifying $1.77 trillion takes heroic math. To earn an ordinary market return from there, SpaceX would need to be worth roughly $2.5 to $2.9 trillion in five years, and $3.5 to $4.6 trillion in ten. That is bigger than almost any company on earth today, resting on a business whose only profitable part sells satellite internet.

to make money at $1.77 trillion
Boeing+Airbus+Lockheed+RTX 0.7TMicrosoft 3.1TApple 4.5TNvidia 5.2TSpaceX today (IPO)$1.78TRequired by 2031 @7%$2.49TRequired by 2031 @10%$2.86TRequired by 2036 @7%$3.49TRequired by 2036 @10%$4.61TUSD T 012345and the only profitable part sells satellite internet
Source: Annex M6 reverse math; comparator caps as of early June 2026 (companiesmarketcap / macrotrends)Figures as of June 7, 2026

Keep one distinction straight: that $1.77 trillion is a price on every share, not money the company receives — the cash raised is $74.4 billion. The gap between the roughly $9 to 12 billion ever invested in the standalone rocket-and-Starlink business and this $1.77 trillion ask is value created, not a transfer from anyone. The question is only whether the price is right. The base rates run against you. Across more than 9,000 IPOs since 1980, the buyer who got in at the offer price roughly matched the market over three years. The buyer who bought at the first day’s closing price — the only price most of us can get — lagged it by about 20%. The most expensive IPOs did worst of all.

What we’d check

We are not telling you to buy or to sell, and most readers cannot buy the offering anyway. We are telling you what we would check before the lock-ups clear: the final prospectus, for any change in terms; the first earnings report, and whether it breaks out the rocket business honestly; and how the August unlock is absorbed. When SpaceX’s filings let us set it beside real peers, we will rank it like the other 6,500 we cover. Until then, the only numbers you can verify are the price and the calendar. We price the ask. We do not predict failure. SpaceX can succeed, and the buyer at this price can still lose.

Methodology and sources

Every number above traces to SpaceX’s S-1/A registration statement (filed June 3, 2026) and the third-party datasets behind it. Three labels carry throughout: financial figures are recast-combined (SpaceX + xAI + X) unless noted standalone; unlock dollar values are illustrative at the $135.00 IPO price; and the pre-IPO valuation jumps were insider tenders, not capital raised. As of June 7, 2026 no final pricing prospectus (424B) is filed, so terms could still change at pricing.

one company against entire economies
A · IPO PROCEEDS / YR31.0US6.1JPDE1.3UKIT0.6CAFRSPACEX RAISE · 75B · VC INVESTED / YR170.0US10.0JPDE22.0UKIT7.0CAFRSPACEX ≈ LIFETIME,NOT ANNUALC · FDI INFLOWS / YRUSJPDEUKITCAFRD · NET RETAIL FUND INFLOWS / YRUSJPDEUKITCAFRMETHODOLOGIES DIFFER ACROSS PANELS; PANELS C–D ARE CONTEXT, NOT SPACEX COMPARISONS.
Source: Datasets §1 (IPO), §6 (VC), §7 (FDI), §8 (retail flows)Figures as of June 7, 2026